LDAPFragger

LDAPFragger is a Command and Control tool that enables attackers to route Cobalt Strike beacon data over LDAP using user attributes.

The tool will query the Active Directory domain for accounts where one of each of these attributes contains data. If found and parsed successfully, both clients have found each other but also know which domain controller is used in the process, which attribute will contain the data, which attribute will contain the CRC checksums of the data that was received but also the additional parameters to create a payload with Cobalt Strike’s external C2 listener. After this process, the information is removed from the placeholder attribute.

Why a C2 LDAP channel?

This solution is ideal in a situation where network segments are completely segmented and firewalled but still share the same Active Directory domain. With this channel, you can still create a reliable backdoor channel to parts of the internal network that are otherwise unreachable for other networks, if you manage to get code execution privileges on systems in those networks. Depending on the chosen attribute, speeds can be okay but still inferior to the good old reverse HTTPS channel. Furthermore, no special privileges are needed and it is hard to detect.

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